division
division 是一個從特定政治角度來看被承認的官方或非官方的組織。
| Geometry Type | Point |
|---|---|
| Theme | divisions |
| Type | division |
子類型
雖然 divisions 主題的 schema 包含了一個全面的子類型列表，但目前只有一部分子類型可用於資料中。
目前，在 division 特徵類型中提供了以下子類型：
countrydependencyregioncountylocaladminlocalityneighborhoodmicrohood
- country
- dependency
- region
- county
- localadmin
- locality
- neighborhood
- microhood
subtype | country |
|---|
一個國家是最大獨立主權的單位。如果已知，國家的邊界由division boundary特徵表示。例如：美國
subtype | dependency |
|---|
依屬地是一個地點，它不完全屬於一個國家的次區域，但在國防、護照管制等方面依賴於母國。例如：波多黎各
subtype | region |
|---|
region 是大多數國家中最大的行政單位，也是第一級的行政分區。例如：艾伯塔省
subtype | county |
|---|
county 是第二級行政區劃。例子：紐約市的金斯縣
subtype | localadmin |
|---|
Localadmin 是某些地區的政府層級，其中包含沒有自己管理權限的地方或人口聚集地。通常但不僅限於歐洲地區。Localadmin 是第三級行政區。例子：巴黎
subtype | locality |
|---|
Locality 是一個有人居住的地方，可能具有或不具有自己的行政權限（如果它屬於 localadmin，則不具有行政權）。Locality 可能是第三級行政區。例子：台北
subtype | neighborhood |
|---|
Neighborhood 是位於城市、城鎮、郊區或農村地區的地理區域化社區，有時包括一條街道及其兩側的建築物。例子：Cobble Hill
subtype | microhood |
|---|
Microhood 是一個包含在更大 Neighborhood 內的小型社區。例子：Hamburg 的 Gätjensort
架構
- Browsable
- YAML
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---
"$schema": https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema
title: division
description:
Divisions are recognized official or non-official organizations of
people as seen from a given political perspective. Examples include
countries, provinces, cities, towns, neighborhoods, etc.
type: object
properties: # JSON Schema: Top-level object properties.
id: { "$ref": ../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/id }
geometry:
description:
Division geometry MUST be a Point as defined by GeoJSON schema.
It represents the approximate location of a position commonly
associated with the real-world entity modeled by the division
feature.
unevaluatedProperties: false
allOf:
- "$ref": https://geojson.org/schema/Point.json
properties: # GeoJSON: top-level object 'properties' property.
unevaluatedProperties: false
allOf:
- "$ref": ../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyContainers/overtureFeaturePropertiesContainer
- "$ref": ../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyContainers/namesContainer
- if:
properties:
subtype: { enum: [country] }
then:
required: [names, subtype, country, hierarchies]
not: { required: [parent_division_id] }
else:
required: [names, subtype, country, hierarchies, parent_division_id]
properties: # JSON Schema: properties within GeoJSON top-level object 'properties' property
subtype: { "$ref": "./defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/placetype" }
local_type:
description:
Local name for the subtype property, optionally localized.
For example, the Canadian province of Quebec has the subtype
'region', but in the local administrative hierarchy it is
referred to as a 'province'. Similarly, the Canadian Yukon
territory also has subtype 'region', but is locally called
a 'territory'.
This property is localized using a standard Overture names
structure. So for example, in Switzerland the top-level
administrative subdivision corresponding to subtype 'region'
is the canton, which is may be translated in each of
Switzerland's official languages as, 'canton' in French,
'kanton' in German, 'cantone' in Italian, and 'chantun' in
Romansh.
allOf:
- "$ref": "../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/commonNames"
country:
description: >-
ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code of the country or country-like
entity, that this division represents or belongs to.
If the entity this division represents has a country code, the
country property contains it. If it does not, the country
property contains the country code of the first division
encountered by traversing the parent_division_id chain to the
root.
For example:
- The country value for the United States is 'US'
- The country value for New York City is 'US'
- The country value for Puerto Rico, a dependency of the US,
is 'PR'.
- The country value for San Juan, Puerto Rico is 'PR'.
If an entity has an internationally-recognized ISO 3166-1
alpha-2 country code, it should always be used. In cases where
the schema requires the code but no internationally-recognized
code is available, a synthetic code may be used provided it
does not conflict with any internationally-recognized codes.
allOf:
- "$ref": "../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/iso3166_1Alpha2CountryCode"
region:
description: >-
ISO 3166-2 principal subdivision code of the subdivision-like
entity this division represents or belongs to.
If the entity this division represents has a principal
subdivision code, the region property contains it. If it does
not, the region property contains the principal subdivision
code of the first division encountered by traversing the
parent_division_id chain to the root.
For example:
- The region value for the United States is omitted.
- The region value for the U.S. state of New York is 'US-NY'.
- The region value for New York City is 'US-NY', which it
inherits from the state of New York.
- The region value for Puerto Rico is 'US-PR'.
allOf:
- "$ref": "../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/iso3166_2SubdivisionCode"
hierarchies:
description:
Hierarchies in which this division participates.
Every division participates in at least one hierarchy. Most
participate in only one. Some divisions may participate in
more than one hierarchy, for example if they are claimed by
different parent divisions from different political
perspectives; or if there are other real-world reasons why the
division or one of its ancestors has multiple parents.
The first hierarchy in the list is the default hierarchy, and
the second-to-last entry in the default hierarchy (if there
is such an entry) always corresponds to the `parent_division_id'
property. The ordering of hierarchies after the first one is
arbitrary.
type: array
items: { "$ref": "./defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/hierarchy" }
minItems: 1
uniqueItems: true
parent_division_id:
description:
Division ID of this division's parent division.
Not allowed for top-level divisions (countries) and required
for all other divisions.
The default parent division is the parent division as seen
from the default political perspective, if there is one, and
is otherwise chosen somewhat arbitrarily. The hierarchies
property can be used to inspect the exhaustive list of
parent divisions.
allOf:
- "$ref": "../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/id"
perspectives:
description: >-
Political perspectives from which this division is considered
to be an accurate representation.
If this property is absent, then this division is not known to
be disputed from any political perspective. Consequently,
there is only one division feature representing the entire
real world entity.
If this property is present, it means the division represents
one of several alternative perspectives on the same real-world
entity.
There are two modes of perspective:
1. `accepted_by` means the representation of the division is
accepted by the listed entities and would be included on
a map drawn from their perspective.
2. `disputed_by` means the representation of the division is
disputed by the listed entities and would be excluded
from a map drawn from their perspective.
When drawing a map from the perspective of a given country,
one would start by gathering all the undisputed divisions
(with no `perspectives` property), and then adding to that
first all divisions explicitly accepted by the country, and
second all divisions not explicitly disputed by the country.
allOf:
- "$ref": "./defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/perspectives"
norms:
description:
Collects information about local norms and rules within the
division that are generally useful for mapping and map-related
use cases.
If the norms property or a desired sub-property of the norms
property is missing on a division, but at least one of its
ancestor divisions has the norms property and the desired
sub-property, then the value from the nearest ancestor division
may be assumed.
"$comment":
If we decide to include default language, it will go here. But
is it really generally-useful information?
type: object
unevaluatedProperties: false
properties:
driving_side:
description:
Side of the road on which vehicles drive in the division.
allOf:
- "$ref": "../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/side"
population:
description: Population of the division
type: integer
minimum: 0
capital_division_ids:
description:
Division IDs of this division's capital divisions. If present,
this property will refer to the division IDs of the capital
cities, county seats, etc. of a division.
type: array
minItems: 1
uniqueItems: true
items: { "$ref": "../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/id" }
capital_of_divisions:
description:
Division IDs and subtypes of divisions this division is a
capital of.
type: array
minItems: 1
uniqueItems: true
items: { "$ref": "defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/capitalOfDivisionItem" }
wikidata: { "$ref": "../defs.yaml#/$defs/propertyDefinitions/wikidata" }
範例
- country
- region
- population
- perspectives
{
"id": "example:division:country:us",
"type": "Feature",
"geometry": {
"type": "Point",
"coordinates": [
-100.445882,
39.7837304
]
},
"properties": {
"theme": "divisions",
"type": "division",
"version": 0,
"subtype": "country",
"names": {
"primary": "United States"
},
"country": "US",
"hierarchies": [
[
{
"division_id": "example:division:country:us",
"subtype": "country",
"name": "United States"
}
]
],
"norms": {
"driving_side": "right"
},
"capital_division_ids": [
"example:division:locality:washington_dc"
]
}
}
{
"id": "example:division:region:us-ny",
"type": "Feature",
"geometry": {
"type": "Point",
"coordinates": [
-75.8449946,
43.1561681
]
},
"properties": {
"theme": "divisions",
"type": "division",
"version": 0,
"subtype": "region",
"local_type": {
"en": "state"
},
"names": {
"primary": "New York"
},
"sources": [
{
"property": "",
"dataset": "OpenStreetMap",
"record_id": "R61320.V468"
}
],
"country": "US",
"region": "US-NY",
"hierarchies": [
[
{
"division_id": "example:division:country:us",
"subtype": "country",
"name": "United States"
},
{
"division_id": "example:division:region:us-ny",
"subtype": "region",
"name": "New York"
}
]
],
"capital_division_ids": [
"example:division:locality:albany"
],
"parent_division_id": "example:division:country:us"
}
}
{
"id": "example:division:region:ca-on",
"type": "Feature",
"geometry": {
"type": "Point",
"coordinates": [
-86.000977,
50.000678
]
},
"properties": {
"theme": "divisions",
"type": "division",
"version": 0,
"subtype": "region",
"local_type": {
"en": "province"
},
"names": {
"primary": "Ontario"
},
"sources": [
{
"property": "",
"dataset": "OpenStreetMap",
"record_id": "R68841.V267"
}
],
"country": "CA",
"region": "CA-ON",
"hierarchies": [
[
{
"division_id": "example:division:country:ca",
"subtype": "country",
"name": "Canada"
},
{
"division_id": "example:division:region:ca-on",
"subtype": "region",
"name": "Ontario"
}
]
],
"capital_division_ids": [
"example:division:locality:toronto"
],
"parent_division_id": "example:division:country:ca",
"population": 13550900
}
}
{
"id": "example:division:perspectives:trnc",
"type": "Feature",
"geometry": {
"type": "Point",
"coordinates": [
33.6252379,
35.2245313
]
},
"properties": {
"theme": "divisions",
"type": "division",
"version": 0,
"subtype": "country",
"names": {
"primary": "Kuzey Kıbrıs",
"common": {
"en": "Northern Cyprus"
},
"rules": [
{
"variant": "short",
"value": "TRNC"
},
{
"variant": "official",
"language": "en",
"value": "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus"
}
]
},
"country": "XX",
"hierarchies": [
[
{
"division_id": "example:perspectives:trnc",
"subtype": "country",
"name": "Kuzey Kıbrıs"
}
]
],
"perspectives": {
"mode": "accepted_by",
"countries": [
"TR"
]
}
}
}